What+Happens+to+Recycled+Materials+Research

In Group: Matt Solomont, Frankie, Brynn, Karley, Juli, Thomas, Max, Victoria, Sami, Adam Coy, Matt (Broseph) Raneri, and Adam Cad Teacher: Mrs. Cannon

Brynn And Karley:

The Process of Plastic: 1. Plastic containers are brought to the recycling center where they are sorted by type and sometimes color. They are crushed together and formed into a huge cube or bale. 2. The bales of plastic are shipped to a plastics processing plant. 3. The plastic is broken apart and shredded into flakes or pellets and then cleaned. The flakes orcturer?? melts the plastic flakes or pellets down for molding into new products like the products above. Pellets are shipped to manufacturers of plastic goods. 4. The manufacturer-

Plastic can be recycled indefinitely, however, the plastic has to be separated by resin type by hand which takes time and money. At the least, contaminants need to be removed. These include anything that is not plastic such as food and some labels.

** __-Sami & Victoria= Glass__ **

**Here are some interesting facts about glass and recycling: ****80: Percentage of glass that is estimated to be recycled into new containers. ****3.0 million: Amount, in tons, of glass that was recovered for recycling in 2009 according to the U.S. EPA. ****80: Approximate percentage of glass beverage containers in California that gets recycled, mostly due to bottle bills that encourage recycling by offering refunds for glass bottles. ****30: Length, in minutes, that the energy from recycling one glass bottle can power a computer. ****Fifty: Percentage of recycled material that glass manufacturers plan to use in the production of new glass bottles by the end of 2013. This step will save enough energy to power 45,000 households for a year, and 181,550 tons of waste from landfills each month. ****20: Amount, in tons, of color-sorted glass that a typical glass processing facility can recycle per hour. **

In many cities, you can  recycle your glass beverage containers at the curbside or take them to a recycling center.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The recycling center sorts the glass beverage containers into different colored piles and then takes them to a processing facility.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">There, the glass is cleaned and crushed into small pieces called cullet.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The cullet is transported to a glass manufacturing plant and mixed with sand, soda ash and limestone (minerals that come out of the ground).

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">After mixing, the batch is fed into a furnace and is melted into a thick liquid at temperatures that can reach 2800 F.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The melted glass is dropped into a glass forming machine where it is poured into molds, blown with air and shaped into its final shape such as a soda bottle.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Once the mold is removed, the glass is cooled, inspected and is shipped to companies that make drinks and food.


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">How is recovered glass processed into a useful product? **

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">A mechanical processing system breaks the glass into small pieces called cullet. Magnets, screens and vacuum systems remove metals, labels, bits of plastic and caps. The cullet is blended with silica sand, soda ash and limestone. The mixture is melted and blow-molded into new glass containers.


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">What products are made from recycled glass? **

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Recycled glass is remanufactured into glass containers and fiberglass insulation, and construction uses glass such as utility trench backfill and road base material, glassphalt paving.


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">How much energy is saved by recycling glass? **

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Recycling one ton of glass saves 1.2 tons of new raw materials. It saves the equivalent of 860 kilowatt hours of electricity or 18% of the energy needed to form new glass.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff0900; display: block; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">** Matt Ranieri & Max Kinikilis **

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #525252; font-family: Helvetica,Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">**Aluminum Cans**
<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Helvetica,Verdana,Arial,sans-serif; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">"On average, Americans drink one beverage from an aluminum can every day. But we recycle just over 50% of the cans we use.Aluminum-can manufacturers have recently upped the ante and are setting out to recycle 75% of the cans by 2012.Since the cans are 100% recyclable, we could drastically reduce the energy needed to produce brand new cans simply by recycling our empties.An aluminum can is able to be returned to the shelf, as a new can, as quickly as 60 days after it's put into your recycling container.Coast-to-coast, there are about 10,000 locations that buy aluminum, making it easy for Americans to redeem their used beverage cans for cash. In fact, recycling aluminum cans is a $1 billion/year industry in this country.Recycling one aluminum can saves enough energy to run a television for three hours or to burn a 100-watt light bulb for four hours." <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff000c; display: block; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">**<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica,Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;">A Day in the Life of a Recycled Can ** > ** Tin cans are really steel cans with a coating of tin. The steel and tin is separated. the steel is melted, reshaped, and sold to a steel mill. The steel is re-manufactured into cars, cans, and structure. The separated tin is made used into chemical and pharmaceutical industry. ** > > ** •Recycled Materials get picked up by curbside and is brought to material recovery facility ** > ** •Workers seperate the materials by paper, glass, plastic, aluminum ect. ** > ** • Aluminum cans are melted into ingots. ** > ** •the ingots are sold and melted into aluminum sheete ** > ** •they finally turn those sheets into things such as cans and the automotive industry ** > ** •Tin cans are the last of the recycled objects to be sorted through the process of the sorting all the recycled objects. ** > ** • **
 * 1) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Helvetica,Verdana,Arial,sans-serif; text-align: left;">Customer takes can to a recycling center or puts it into a recycling bin.
 * 2) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Helvetica,Verdana,Arial,sans-serif; text-align: left;">The can is transported to a processing facility.
 * 3) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Helvetica,Verdana,Arial,sans-serif; text-align: left;">A giant magnet lifts out cans that are made of metals such steel. Since aluminum cans aren't magnetic, they drop down to a conveyor belt and are gathered.
 * 4) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Helvetica,Verdana,Arial,sans-serif; text-align: left;">The aluminum is shredded, washed and turned into aluminum chips.
 * 5) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Helvetica,Verdana,Arial,sans-serif; text-align: left;">The chips are melted in a large furnace.
 * 6) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Helvetica,Verdana,Arial,sans-serif; text-align: left;">The melted aluminum is poured into molds called "ingots."
 * 7) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Helvetica,Verdana,Arial,sans-serif; text-align: left;">The ingots are taken to a factory where they're melted into rolls of thin, flat sheets.
 * 8) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Helvetica,Verdana,Arial,sans-serif; text-align: left;">From the sheets, manufacturers make new products, including new beverage cans, pie pans, license plate frames, and aluminum foil.
 * 9) <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Helvetica,Verdana,Arial,sans-serif; text-align: left;">Beverage companies fill the cans and deliver them to grocery stores for customers to purchase.
 * 10) Customers take used cans to a recycling center and the process starts all over again. ** The Curb side recyclers take all of the recycled materials to a Material recovery facility. The workers then separate all of the recycling into categories such as paper, glass, plastic, aluminum, ect. Once they separate the aluminum cans they melt the cans into aluminum ingots. then they melt the ingots into aluminum sheets. Finally they turn the sheets into cans and sell them back to the manufacturer. **** Also some recycled aluminum goes to the automotive industry. More and more recycled aluminum will go into the automotive industry as the demand for light weight, fuel efficient cars increase. **


 * Matt Solomont & Frankie Alston: What happens to recycled paper?**

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: medium; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Some newspapers, magazines, catalogs, and phone books are shipped to paper mills in the U.S., Canada, and the Far East, and used to make new newsprint and gray cardboard. The paper is then separated and is recycled into paperboard, grocery bags and new cardboard. In 1997, Visy industries opened a paper recycling plant and container board mill in Staten island new york. the plant processed over 150,000 tons of the city's "wasted" paper, as well as tons of paper collected from the surrounding areas each year. when they completed in 2000, the plant will employ 413 and have a total estimated output of 500,000 units of recycled paper each year.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Construction Debris: By Matt Ranieri & Frankie Alston

Construction and demolition (C&D) debris represents as much as 20 percent of all Glendale waste. Over half of this material can be recycled at relatively low cost, conserving natural resources and saving valuable landfill space. C&D landfills are made just to accept just construction materials, including:

= = = **"Disaster debris** = <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">When disasters like floods or tornados hit a community, solid waste management is usually the last thing on anyone’s mind. Natural disasters, however, can generate tons of debris, including building rubble, soil and sediments, green waste (e.g., trees and shrubs), personal property, ash, and charred wood. All of this waste material can place an additional burden on a community already struggling to cope. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">The amount of debris generated from a disaster varies from situation to situation. The best advice for a community is to put a disaster debris management plan in place before an emergency happens. A disaster debris management plan can help a community identify options for collecting, recycling, and disposing of debris. Not only does a plan identify management options and sources for help, but it also can save valuable time and resources if it is needed. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">The benefits of putting a recovery plan in place before a disaster occurs include:
 * Aluminum Masonry**
 * Architectural elements Plastics**
 * Asphalt Plumbing And Electrical Fixtures**
 * Brick Rocks**
 * Concrete Shingles Roofing materials**
 * Corrugated Cardboard Soil**
 * Drywall Steel**
 * Glass Tree Stumps**
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Reducing time needed to identify debris management options after a disaster.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Saving money by avoiding rushed decisions that could result in costly mistakes in disaster waste management.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Reducing potential hazards by identifying which hazards may exist, who will address them, and how.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 1.2em;">Recycling Disaster Debris
<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">How a community manages disaster debris depends on the debris generated and the waste management options available. Many communities are finding effective ways to salvage, reuse, and recycle all kinds of disaster debris. Soil, green waste, and C&D materials can be recycled or composted into useful commodities. For example: <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Benefits of recycling disaster debris include:
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Green waste, such as trees and shrubs, can be “recycled” into valuable organic material, such as compost or mulch.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Concrete and asphalt can be crushed and sold for use as sub-base in road building.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Metal can be recycled and sold by scrap metal dealers.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Brick can be sold for reuse or ground for use in landscaping applications.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Dirt can be used as landfill cover or a soil amendment for farmers.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Recovering large amounts of materials for reuse.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Reducing the burden of large volumes of material on local landfills.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #08e20c; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Saving money by avoiding disposal costs and through re-sale of materials."

**<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; vertical-align: baseline;">__Thomas Peabody & Juli Tafmizi: Card Board:__ ** **<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">There are two different types of cardboard that are considered recyclable; the first one is the tangled/ messy kind of cardboard generally seen in packaging materials which is often called corrugated -cardboard. The second kind of cardboard is all around us be it ** <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #ff9900; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">cereal boxes, shirt boxes, shoes boxes or maybe frozen stuff, this second kind of cardboard is called flat -cardboard or paperboard. Thin cardboard material can be processed with paper since it is a slim cardboard form and is acceptable with paper recycling plants. Cereal boxes would be an ideal example of -flat cardboard which can be recycled together with paper. However any cardboard which is thicker in nature should be first flattened out and unfolded before you can send it for recycling, the reason for -unfolding the cardboard before recycling is that it is easier to transport and store when it is flattened out since it occupies less space and a large volume can be deposited and transported at the same time . Cardboard is pulped and blended with new wood chip pulp. Then its screened,rolled ,and dried into 2 different types of cardboard called medium (wavy middle layer) and the liner board (outer layer). That makes boxes and paper bags.

FINAL THOUGHTS
Matt Solomont: Lets recycle!!